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标题: 短篇摘自《21世纪报》,主题是经济;A为读者的翻译,B为参考译文
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短篇摘自《21世纪报》,主题是经济;A为读者的翻译,B为参考译文
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(所有短篇摘自《21世纪报》,主题是经济;A为读者的翻译,B为参考译文)



Forget about other things, laughter is the best way to ensure a healthy
heart, according to a new US research. The study found that people with heart
diseases were 40 per cent less likely to laugh in a variety of situations
compared to healthy people of the same age. Researchers suggest that five
minutes of laughter is good enough to revitalize the body for 12 hours.

A:据美国一项新的研究,忘乎所以,开怀大笑是保证一个健康的心脏的最好途径。此研究发现患有心脏病的患者中的40%较之同等年龄的健康人在各种情形下笑的可能性很少。研究人员表示五分钟的笑足够使身体恢复12小时的精力。

B:根据美国一项新的研究结果,忘掉其他一切,开怀大笑才是确保心脏健康的最佳途径。这项研究发现,在各种情况下,与同龄的健康人相比,患有心脏病的人开口大笑差不多要少40%。研究人员建议,大笑5分钟足以使人的身体重新焕发活力12小时。

解析

译文A中对other things的理解和翻译还不准确。在这里指laugh是最重要的,因此可以忘掉“其他一切事情”。原文中的“40%”并不是指患者的人数,而是指开怀大笑的多少。很多读者的译文在这两点都有理解上的偏差,从而导致译文不准确。

Boys who are gifted in maths are better at using both hemispheres of the
brain to solve problems than are students of average ability, according to
an Australian study. Results indicated that the brains of 搈ath geniuses?differed
in organization rather than in structure. This allows for a more efficient
use of what the brain has available.

A: 据澳大利亚一项研究表明,在数学上有天分的(男)孩子比一般水平的学生用大脑两半球解决问题用得好。结果显示,“数学天才”的大脑在组织状态上比在结构上更加不同。这使得对已用的大脑进行更高效的利用开发成为可能。

B: 根据澳大利亚的一项研究结果,具有数学天赋的男孩比普通学生更善于利用左右两侧大脑来处理问题。研究结果表明,与普通人的大脑相比,“数学天才”的区别更多是在脑力的组织而不是大脑的结构。这就可以使我们能够对大脑的潜能进行更加有效的使用。

解析

译文A将both hemispheres of the brain译为“大脑两半球”似乎不妥。处理为“左右两侧大脑”更为恰当一些。许多读者对organization和structure两个词语的理解不够透彻,分别简单地译为“组织”和“结构”。这样翻译并不清楚,而且在汉语中“组织”和“结构”有一定的相同含义。实际上,这里的组织是指对大脑的活动进行有效的组织,并不是指大脑的生理组织结构。what
the brain has available是指大脑的潜能,许多读者都没能表达出来这一点。

A new US study has backed the long-held belief that many dogs and their
owners look alike. The US study found striking resemblances between men and
canines, especially in the case of pure-bred species. Out of 25 purebreds
checked, there were 16 correct matches and nine misses.

A: 一项新的美国研究支持了长期的信念:许多狗和它们的主人是相似的。此项研究发现,尤其在纯种犬实例中,主人和狗之间更是存在着惊人的相似性。在25只被测试的纯种犬里,有16只完全恰当地与主人相似,仅有9只不一样。

B: 美国的一项新的研究有力地支持了长期以来持有的一种观点:许多狗和其主人长相相似。这项研究发现,人和狗这种犬科动物长相竟如此惊人相似,这在纯种狗身上体现得尤为突出。在25只纯种狗中有16只与主人相像,其余9只相差较大。

解析

译文A中belief译为“信念”不妥,应为“看法”或“观点”。另外译文A中只是不断强调狗和主人“相似”,并没有明确说明是长相上相似,没有充分表达出原文的意思。

)



Forget about other things, laughter is the best way to ensure a healthy
heart, according to a new US research. The study found that people with heart
diseases were 40 per cent less likely to laugh in a variety of situations
compared to healthy people of the same age. Researchers suggest that five
minutes of laughter is good enough to revitalize the body for 12 hours.

A:据美国一项新的研究,忘乎所以,开怀大笑是保证一个健康的心脏的最好途径。此研究发现患有心脏病的患者中的40%较之同等年龄的健康人在各种情形下笑的可能性很少。研究人员表示五分钟的笑足够使身体恢复12小时的精力。

B:根据美国一项新的研究结果,忘掉其他一切,开怀大笑才是确保心脏健康的最佳途径。这项研究发现,在各种情况下,与同龄的健康人相比,患有心脏病的人开口大笑差不多要少40%。研究人员建议,大笑5分钟足以使人的身体重新焕发活力12小时。

解析

译文A中对other things的理解和翻译还不准确。在这里指laugh是最重要的,因此可以忘掉“其他一切事情”。原文中的“40%”并不是指患者的人数,而是指开怀大笑的多少。很多读者的译文在这两点都有理解上的偏差,从而导致译文不准确。

Boys who are gifted in maths are better at using both hemispheres of the
brain to solve problems than are students of average ability, according to
an Australian study. Results indicated that the brains of 搈ath geniuses?differed
in organization rather than in structure. This allows for a more efficient
use of what the brain has available.

A: 据澳大利亚一项研究表明,在数学上有天分的(男)孩子比一般水平的学生用大脑两半球解决问题用得好。结果显示,“数学天才”的大脑在组织状态上比在结构上更加不同。这使得对已用的大脑进行更高效的利用开发成为可能。

B: 根据澳大利亚的一项研究结果,具有数学天赋的男孩比普通学生更善于利用左右两侧大脑来处理问题。研究结果表明,与普通人的大脑相比,“数学天才”的区别更多是在脑力的组织而不是大脑的结构。这就可以使我们能够对大脑的潜能进行更加有效的使用。

解析

译文A将both hemispheres of the brain译为“大脑两半球”似乎不妥。处理为“左右两侧大脑”更为恰当一些。许多读者对organization和structure两个词语的理解不够透彻,分别简单地译为“组织”和“结构”。这样翻译并不清楚,而且在汉语中“组织”和“结构”有一定的相同含义。实际上,这里的组织是指对大脑的活动进行有效的组织,并不是指大脑的生理组织结构。what
the brain has available是指大脑的潜能,许多读者都没能表达出来这一点。

A new US study has backed the long-held belief that many dogs and their
owners look alike. The US study found striking resemblances between men and
canines, especially in the case of pure-bred species. Out of 25 purebreds
checked, there were 16 correct matches and nine misses.

A: 一项新的美国研究支持了长期的信念:许多狗和它们的主人是相似的。此项研究发现,尤其在纯种犬实例中,主人和狗之间更是存在着惊人的相似性。在25只被测试的纯种犬里,有16只完全恰当地与主人相似,仅有9只不一样。

B: 美国的一项新的研究有力地支持了长期以来持有的一种观点:许多狗和其主人长相相似。这项研究发现,人和狗这种犬科动物长相竟如此惊人相似,这在纯种狗身上体现得尤为突出。在25只纯种狗中有16只与主人相像,其余9只相差较大。

解析

译文A中belief译为“信念”不妥,应为“看法”或“观点”。另外译文A中只是不断强调狗和主人“相似”,并没有明确说明是长相上相似,没有充分表达出原文的意思。
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A为读者的翻译, B为参考译文)



中国位于亚洲大陆的东部,太平洋的西岸,陆地面约960万平方公里,仅次于俄罗斯和加拿大。

A. China, locating in the east of the Asia continent and on the west coast of the Atlantic, covers about 9,600,000 sq. km which is the third to Russian and Canda.

B. China is situated in the eastern part of Asia, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. It's land area is about 9.6 million square kilometers, next only to Russia and Canada.

解析

第一句主要说的是两件事:一是中国的具体地理位置,二是中国的面积。
译文A无论从形式或内容都会使英美读者无法接受。首先将中国说成是位于"大西洋"(the Atlantic) 的西岸,是个严重错误。其次"the third to Russian andCanda."只是六个英文单词的堆积,而且带有拼写错误。第三,用一个"which"引起的复合句,更加重了这个句子的混乱。而译文B用两个英文分句使原文的核心概念得到清晰的反映。英文主张neat and concise 初学者更要注意这个问题。俗话说"The longer, the sentence; the greater the chance of misunderstanding." (句子越长,错误会越多)。





中国不仅拥有世界总人口的将近四分之一,而且随着中国经济的高速发展,已经形成了旺盛的市场需求。

A. China has a large population which is nearly one fourth of that of the whole world. In addition , a vigorous market demand has come into being thanks to the speedy development of the country's economy.

B. China has about one fourth of the world's population. China's market is becoming more and more active with the rapid economic development.

解析

译文A似乎没有太大的语法错误,但不够干练。原文中提到"中国拥有世界总人口的四分之一",只须用一个单句也就够了。而"China has a large population which is nearly one fourth of that of the whole world" 听起来非常redundant and wordy (赘述,拗口)。
有人说"英语是介词语言" (prepositional language). 强有力的介词(前置词)会使英语句子变得精练 (terse and succinct). "随着经济的高速发展" 完全可以译为 "with the rapid economic development". 这样看来,译文 B 更好地表达了原文里"中国是个大市场" 的核心主题。





近十几年间,改革开放使中国的经济有了令人瞩目的发展,人民生活不断提高,综合国力明显增强,创造了中国历史上前所未有的奇迹。

A.Among the near more than ten years or so, reform and opening-up have lead the economy of China into an eye-catching development。 The people's lives are improving constantly; the overall national strength is being obviously strengthened。People have created the unprecedented miracle in Chinese history。

B. In the past decades, reform and opening have brought China remarkable economic progress. People's living standards have been rising steadily and China's comprehensive strength has been clearly enhanced. This is an unprecedented miracle in China's history.

解析
译文A里有两个问题:1."近十年间" 不能想当然地译为"among the near more than ten years or so".这是个典型的中式英语,外国人无法看懂。而"in the past decades"正好表达了近一、二十年这个概念.
2.汉语原文主要讲的是经济增长方面的奇迹。译文A漏译了"economic growth". 最后一句应为"People have created the unprecedented miracle 'of economic growth' in Chinese history". 译文 B 是可信的参考译文。





中国的经济建设需要和平国际环境,需要同世界各国友好合作。中国将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。中国一向重视在和平共处五项原则的基础上发展同亚洲国家的睦邻友好关系。近年来通过有关各国的共同努力,中国同亚洲周边国家的关系得到进一步的改善和发展。

A.The economic construction of China calls for peaceful international environment and friendly co-operations with the countries all over the world。 China will follow the independent peaceful diplomatic policy unswervingly. China always pays attention to developing good-neighborly relations with the Asian countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. Through joint efforts of countries concerned in recent years,the relation between China and surrounding countries in Asia has gained further improvement and development.

B. China needs a peaceful international environment and friendly cooperation with other countries in its economic development. It will steadfastly pursue its independent foreign policy of peace. It has always attached importance to developing amicable and good-neighborly relations with other Asian countries on the basis of the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence. Thanks to the concerted efforts made by the Asian countries in recent years, China's relations with its neighbors have further improved and developed.

解析
在汉译英中,译者可根据译文的性质进行必要的增、减、删、节。对于外国人不易弄懂得的中国的特有概念,如:"四书。五经","五讲,四美"等必须进行解释性翻译。"和平共处五项原则"虽是中国外交政策的基石,但不见得外国人都知道它的具体内容。译文 A 只提到"on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence" 其可读性就不如译文A来的具体。英语里有这样一句谚语:The proof of the pudding is in the eating。 对翻译来说恐怕应该说:The proof the translation is in the reading (whether it reads well or not).







汉英经改词汇

A Chinese-English Glossary on China's Economic Restructuring



改革开放:the reform and open policy; the policy of reform and opening up; reform and opening to the outside world

发展安定团结的政治局面:to enhance political unity and stability

综合国力:comprehensive national strength; comprehensive strength of a state; (overall strength; all - around strength)

市场繁荣:flourishing market supply

跨国公司:transnational corporation

多种经营: diversified economy

多种经济成分竞争:diversified economic competition

按劳分配制度:the principle of "to each according to his work"

白手起家:starting from scratch

按揭贷款:mortgage loan

打白条: to issue IOUS; ( a promissory note without bounding effect

大款:tycoon; big buck; money bags; millionaire

公正、公平、公开:just , fair and open

促进全球经济一体化:foster integration with the global economy

把企业推向市场:encourage the enterprises to compete in the market

拜金主义:money worship

暴跌:steep fall (in price); slumps sharp fall; nose-dive; plunge

工薪阶层:salaried person

公积金:public accumulation funds

骨干企业:key enterprises

挂靠:be attached or affiliated to, be subordinate to

观望态度:wait-and-see attitude

国际惯例:international common practice

货币化:monetization

激励和制约体系:a system of incentives and disincentives

集约经营:intensive operation

多种经济成分:diverse sectors of the economy
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This is good. By pointing out what the misinterpretations are, version B provides all of us a better understandig of the original text.


It is good to have a goal to journey towards, but it is
the journey that matters in the end." - Ursula LeGuin
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